Phrasal Verbs Ingiriisi: 156 Phrasal Verb oo ugu Caansan, Macnahooda iyo Tusaalooyin

Phrasal verb waa fal lagu daray eray yar sida up, out ama off, oo labadooduba macne cusub sameeya: give up macnihiisu waa joojinta isku dayga, look after-na waa daryeelid. Hoos waxaad ka helaysaa 156 phrasal verb oo Ingiriisi ah oo ugu caansan, loo kala qaybiyay fal ahaan, oo leh macno fudud iyo jumlado tusaale ah.

Barayaal badan, phrasal verbs waa qaybta ugu jahwareerka badan Ingiriisiga: waad garanaysaa macnaha “put” iyo “up”, haddana “put up with” wali macne kuuma samaynayso. Warka wanaagsan ayaa ah inaadan u baahnayn inaad dhammaantood barato. Waxaad u baahan tahay kuwa caadiga ah, oo ku jira jumlado dhab ah, oo aad ku celiso ilaa ay xusuustaada ku dhegaan.

Waa maxay phrasal verb?

Phrasal verb waa fal lagu daray hal ama laba eray oo yaryar (particles), badanaa adverbs ama prepositions sida up, down, in, out, on, off, away, back ama over. Isku darkaasi wuxuu u shaqeeyaa sidii hal macne, macnahaasina badanaa lagama qiyaasi karo qaybihiisa.

Is barbar dhig:

• run: si dhakhso ah cagaha ugu dhaqaaqid.
• run into someone: si kadis ah ula kulmid qof.
• run out of something: dhammaansho, oo wax kaa hari waayaan.

Phrasal verbs waxay caan ku yihiin Ingiriisiga caadiga ah ee maalin kasta. Kulan shaqo waxaa laga yaabaa inaad go'aan “postpone” gareyso, laakiin saaxiibbadaa dhexdooda waxaad dhahaysaa “put it off”.

Maxay phrasal verbs muhiim u yihiin in la barto?

Sababtoo ah meel kasta ayay ka jiraan, wadahadalka dhabta ah, filimada iyo heesaha, iyo sababtoo ah koox yar oo ka mid ah ayaa qabata shaqada inteeda badan.

Daraasad 2007 lagu sameeyay British National Corpus, Dee Gardner iyo Mark Davies waxay heleen 518,923 jeer oo phrasal verbs la isticmaalay. Kaliya 20 fal oo lagu daray 8 eray oo yaryar ayaa ka dhigan in ka badan kalabar. Taasi waa sababta liiska hoose loogu habeeyay fal ahaan: baro sida get, go, come, take, put iyo dhowr kale ay ula midoobaan erayadooda yaryar, waxaadna fahmi doontaa inta badan phrasal verbs-ka aad la kulanto.

Phrasal verbs badan waxay leeyihiin dhowr macne, laakiin uma baahnid dhammaantood hal mar. PHaVE List-kooda oo ah 150-ka phrasal verb ee ugu isticmaalka badan, Mélodie Garnier iyo Norbert Schmitt (2015) waxay ogaadeen in tiro yar oo macnayaal muhiim ah ay daboolaan in ka badan 75% sida mid kasta dhab ahaan loo isticmaalo. Sidaas darteed ka bilow macnayaasha ugu muhiimsan, sida kuwa hoose, kuwa dhifka ahna hadhow ku dar.

Maxay badanaa ka dhigan yihiin erayada yaryar (particles)?

Erayadan yaryar si kadis ah looma doorto. Marka aad ogaato macnayaashooda caadiga ah, phrasal verbs badan oo cusub way fududaanayaan in la qiyaaso:

• up: dhammaystir ama korodh (eat up, fill up, speed up).
• down: hoos u dhac ama joogsi (slow down, calm down, shut down).
• out: ka saarid, dhammaad ama ogaansho (throw out, run out, find out).
• off: kala go', ka tagid ama baajin (take off, set off, call off).
• on: sii wadid ama bilow (carry on, go on, turn on).
• back: soo noqosho (come back, call back, pay back).
• over: ku celin ama dib u eegis (think over, go over, do over).
• away: ka tagid ama iska tuurid (go away, give away, throw away).

La kala qaadi karo iyo aan la kala qaadi karin: xaggee object-ku galaa?

Phrasal verbs qaarkood, object-ku (shayga falku saameeyo) wuxuu geli karaa inta u dhexaysa falka iyo erayga yar: “turn off the light” ama “turn the light off”. Kuwan waxaa la yiraahdaa separable (la kala qaadi karo). Haddii object-ku yahay magac-u-yaal (pronoun), waa inuu dhexda galaa: “turn it off”, marnaba ma aha “turn off it”.

Phrasal verbs kale waa inseparable (aan la kala qaadi karin): object-ku had iyo jeer wuxuu yimaadaa erayga yar kadib, sida “look after the kids” ama “get over a cold”.

Liiska hoose, something ama someone ayaa muujinaya meesha object-ku galo. Haddii uu dhexda ku jiro (put something off), falka waa la kala qaadi karaa. Haddii uu dhammaadka yimaado (look after someone), falka iyo erayga yar isku hay.

Phrasal verbs-ka Ingiriisiga ee caadiga ah: macnahooda iyo tusaalooyin

Phrasal verbs leh get

• get up: ka kicidda sariirta hurdo kadib. I get up at seven on weekdays.
• get on: fuulid bas, tareen ama diyaarad. We got on the train just before the doors closed.
• get off: ka degid bas, tareen ama diyaarad. Get off at the second stop after the bridge.
• get along with someone: xiriir saaxiibtinimo oo lala yeesho qof. I get along with my new neighbors really well.
• get over something: ka bogsasho jirro ama niyad jab. It took her months to get over the breakup.
• get back: soo noqosho. When did you get back from your trip?
• get by: ku noolaansho lacag yar ama aqoon yar. My Spanish is basic, but I can get by in shops.
• get away with something: samaynta wax khaldan adigoon la ciqaabin. He cheated on the test and got away with it.
• get out of something: ka baxsasho waajib. She tried to get out of washing the dishes.
• get through something: dhammaystirka wax adag, ama ka gudbiddiisa. Coffee helps me get through Monday mornings.
• get together: isu imaatin kulan saaxiibtinimo ah. Let's get together for lunch next week.
• get around to something: ugu dambayn helidda waqti aad wax ku qabato. I never got around to reading that book.

Phrasal verbs leh go

• go on: sii wadid, ama dhicid. Go on, I'm listening. What's going on here?
• go out: u bixid madadaalo, ama demid (dab ama shumac). We went out for pizza. The candle went out.
• go back: dib ugu noqosho meel. I'd love to go back to Lisbon one day.
• go up: kordhid. Rent has gone up again this year.
• go down: hoos u dhac. Prices usually go down after the holidays.
• go over something: dib u eegis ama si taxaddar leh u hubin. Let's go over the plan one more time.
• go through something: la kulmid xaalad adag, ama baarid. She went through a hard time last year.
• go ahead: bilaabid ama sii wadid, badanaa oggolaansho kadib. Can I ask a question? Sure, go ahead.
• go off: qarxid ama si kadis ah u dhawaaqid, ama xumaansho (cunto). My alarm went off at six. The milk has gone off.
• go with something: ku habboonaan, ama isla qurux badnaan. Does this tie go with my shirt?
• go without something: ku noolaansho la'aanta wax aad rabto ama u baahan tahay. We went without internet for a week.

Phrasal verbs leh come

• come back: soo noqosho. Come back soon!
• come up: la soo hadal qaadid, ama si lama filaan ah u dhicid. Your name came up in the meeting. Something came up, so I'll be late.
• come up with something: soo saarid fikrad ama qorshe. She came up with a great name for the café.
• come across something: si kadis ah u helid wax. I came across an old photo of my grandparents.
• come on: dedejin ama dhiirigelin. Come on, we'll miss the bus!
• come in: soo gelid. Please come in and sit down.
• come out: soo bixid (buug, hees ama filim), ama la ogaado. Her new album comes out on Friday.
• come over: booqasho guriga qof. Why don't you come over for dinner tonight?
• come down with something: bilaabid inaad jirrato. I think I'm coming down with a cold.
• come along: raacid qof meel uu u socdo. We're going to the market. Do you want to come along?

Phrasal verbs leh take

• take off: duulid (diyaarad), ama si dhakhso ah u guulaysi. The plane took off on time. Her business really took off.
• take something off: iska bixid dhar. Please take your shoes off at the door.
• take something on: aqbalid shaqo ama mas'uuliyad. I can't take on any more projects this month.
• take up something: bilaabid hiwaayad, ama qabsasho meel ama waqti. He took up yoga last spring. This sofa takes up half the room.
• take over something: la wareegid maamulka. A bigger company took over the startup.
• take someone out: qof u kaxaysid oo aad u bixisid cunto ama safar. I took my mom out for her birthday.
• take something back: dukaanka ku celin wax, ama ka noqosho wixii aad tidhi. I took the jacket back because it was too small.
• take after someone: u ekaansho ama u dhaqmid sida qof ka weyn oo qoyska ah. My son takes after his grandfather. They both love fishing.
• take something in: fahmid iyo xusuusasho. There was too much information to take in at once.
• take something apart: kala furfurid. He took the old clock apart to see how it worked.

Phrasal verbs leh put

• put something on: xirasho dhar, ama shidid (muusig ama qalab). Put a coat on, it's cold. Can you put some music on?
• put something off: dib u dhigid. Don't put off your homework until Sunday night.
• put up with something: u adkaysi wax aan wanaagsanayn. I can't put up with this noise any longer.
• put something out: demin dab ama sigaar. The firefighters put out the fire in ten minutes.
• put something away: meeshiisa ku celin wax. Put your toys away before dinner.
• put something down: wax dul dhigid, ama qorid. Put the box down here. Put your name down on the list.
• put something together: isku rakibid. It took us two hours to put the bookshelf together.
• put someone up: qof guriga kuugu martiqaadid si uu u seexdo. My cousin put me up for a week in Rome.
• put something back: meeshii hore ku celin. Please put the book back on the shelf.
• put someone through: qof taleefan ku xirid qof kale. Hold on, I'll put you through to the manager.

Phrasal verbs leh look

• look after someone: daryeelid qof. My sister looks after our dog when we travel.
• look for something: raadin. I'm looking for my keys. Have you seen them?
• look something up: raadin macluumaad. If you don't know a word, look it up in the dictionary.
• look forward to something: sugid wax soo socda adigoo ku faraxsan. I'm looking forward to the summer holidays.
• look into something: baarid. The company promised to look into my complaint.
• look out: taxaddar. Look out! There's a car coming.
• look something over: si degdeg ah u eegid. Can you look over my essay before I send it?
• look up to someone: qof u bogid oo ixtiraamid. Many young players look up to her.
• look down on someone: qof yaraysasho, adigoo is moodaya inaad ka fiican tahay. He looks down on people who don't speak English well.
• look around: meel dhex wareegid oo daawasho. We have an hour to look around the old town.

Phrasal verbs leh give

• give up: joojin isku dayga, quusasho. Don't give up, you're almost there.
• give something up: ka tagid caado. My dad gave up smoking ten years ago.
• give in: ugu dambayn oggolaansho diidmo kadib. The kids kept asking, and I finally gave in.
• give something away: bilaash u bixin, ama sir faafin. They're giving away free samples. Don't give away the ending!
• give something back: celin. Give me back my phone, please.
• give something out: u qaybin dad badan. The teacher gave out the exam papers.
• give off something: soo saarid ur, kulayl ama iftiin. These flowers give off a lovely smell in the evening.

Phrasal verbs leh turn

• turn something on: shidid qalab ama nal. Turn on the lights, it's getting dark.
• turn something off: demin qalab ama nal. Don't forget to turn off the oven.
• turn something up: kor u qaadid codka ama kulaylka. Can you turn up the radio? I love this song.
• turn something down: hoos u dhigid codka, ama diidid dalab. Please turn the TV down. She turned down the job offer.
• turn into something: isu beddelid wax kale. The small café turned into a popular restaurant.
• turn out: ku dhammaansho natiijo gaar ah. The party turned out better than we expected.
• turn around: u jeesasho dhinaca kale. Turn around and look at the view!
• turn up: imaatin, badanaa si lama filaan ah. Only five people turned up for the meeting.

Phrasal verbs leh make

• make something up: been abuurid sheeko ama marmarsiiyo. He made up an excuse for being late.
• make up: heshiin muran kadib. They argued, but they made up the next day.
• make up for something: magdhabid. I bought her flowers to make up for forgetting her birthday.
• make something out: si dhib leh u arkid, u maqlid ama u fahmid. I couldn't make out what he was saying.

Phrasal verbs leh set

• set something up: aasaasid ama diyaarin wax. She set up her own language school last year.
• set off: safar u ambabixid. We set off early to avoid the traffic.
• set out to do something: ku bilaabid ujeeddo cad. I set out to learn 1,000 words in three months.
• set someone back: dib u dhigid horumarka, ama ku kicid lacag. The injury set him back two months.

Phrasal verbs leh bring

• bring someone up: korin ilmo. She was brought up by her grandparents.
• bring something up: soo hadal qaadid mawduuc. Don't bring up politics at dinner.
• bring something back: soo celin wax, ama xusuusin. This song brings back so many memories.
• bring about something: keenid isbeddel, sababid. The internet brought about huge changes in how we learn.
• bring something in: soo kordhin sharci ama nidaam cusub. The city brought in a new parking rule.
• bring someone down: qof murugo gelin. Rainy weather always brings me down.
• bring something along: wax kula qaadasho. Bring along a jacket, it may get cold.

Phrasal verbs leh break

• break down: halaabid (qalab), ama is maamuli waayid (dareen). Our car broke down on the way to the airport.
• break up: kala tagid, xiriir dhammayn. They broke up after five years together.
• break into something: xoog ku gelid meel. Someone broke into the office last night.
• break out: si lama filaan ah u qarxid (dagaal ama dab), ama baxsasho. A fire broke out in the kitchen.
• break in: hadal dhex gelid, ama dhisme xoog ku gelid. Sorry to break in, but we need to leave now.
• break something off: si lama filaan ah u joojin. She broke off the conversation and left.

Phrasal verbs leh run

• run into someone: si kadis ah ula kulmid qof. I ran into my old teacher at the supermarket.
• run out of something: dhammaansho, oo wax kaa hari waayaan. We've run out of milk.
• run away: meel si qarsoodi ah uga cararid. The dog ran away when the door was open.
• run over someone: qof gaari ku garaacid. Be careful, a car almost ran over my cat.
• run something by someone: qof fikrad u sheegid si aad ra'yigiisa u hesho. Can I run an idea by you?

Phrasal verbs leh pick, find, figure iyo work

• pick something up: kor u qaadid, soo qaadid, ama si fudud wax u barasho. Can you pick me up at six? She picked up Italian while living in Rome.
• pick something out: doorasho. Help me pick out a gift for my brother.
• pick on someone: qof si joogto ah u dhibid. Stop picking on your little sister.
• find something out: ogaansho macluumaad. I need to find out when the store opens.
• figure something out: fahmid ama xallin. I can't figure out how this app works.
• work out: jimicsi samayn, ama si fiican ku dhammaansho. I work out three times a week. Don't worry, it will all work out.
• work something out: xisaabin ama xallin. We need to work out the total cost of the trip.
• work on something: waqti ku bixin horumarinta wax. I'm working on my pronunciation.

Phrasal verbs leh call iyo hang

• call something off: baajin. They called off the match because of the rain.
• call someone back: qof dib u wacid. I'm busy now. Can I call you back?
• call on someone: qof ka codsasho inuu hadlo, ama booqasho gaaban. The teacher called on me to answer.
• hang up: taleefanka dhigid, wicitaan dhammayn. She was so angry that she hung up on me.
• hang out: waqtiga firaaqada ku nasasho iyo ku madadaalo. We usually hang out at the park after school.
• hang on: in yar sugid. Hang on, I'll be ready in a minute.

Phrasal verbs kale oo maalinle ah

• blow up: qarxid, ama si lama filaan ah u cadhoodid. The old building was blown up to make space for a park.
• calm down: degid, cadho ama walwal ka yaraansho. Calm down and tell me what happened.
• carry on: sii wadid. Sorry for interrupting, please carry on.
• catch up with someone: gaarid qof kaa horreeya, ama sheekaysi muddo dheer kadib. Let's meet for coffee and catch up.
• check in: is diiwaangelin hudheel ama garoon diyaaradeed. We checked in at the hotel at 3 p.m.
• check out: lacag bixin oo hudheel ka bixid. We have to check out by noon.
• cheer someone up: qof farxad gelin. A phone call from my friend cheered me up.
• count on someone: ku tiirsanaan qof. You can always count on me.
• cut down on something: yarayn xaddiga wax. I'm trying to cut down on sugar.
• do someone in: qof aad u daalin (af suuq). That long hike really did me in.
• do something over: wax mar kale bilow ka samayn. The photo was blurry, so we had to do it over.
• do without something: wax la'aantiis ku noolaansho. I can't do without my morning coffee.
• drop by: booqasho gaaban oo aan qorshaysnayn. Drop by any time you're in the area.
• drop someone off: qof gaari meel ugu geyn oo halkaas kaga tagid. I'll drop you off at the station.
• end up: ugu dambayn meel ama xaalad ku dhammaansho. We got lost and ended up in a tiny village.
• enter into something: si rasmi ah u bilaabid heshiis ama wadahadal. The two companies entered into a partnership.
• fall apart: kala dhacid, ama si fiican u shaqayn waayid. My old shoes are falling apart.
• fall behind: dib ka dhicid, la socon waayid. I fell behind with my lessons when I was sick.
• fill something in / fill something out: buuxin foom. Please fill out this form and sign at the bottom.
• grow up: weynaansho, qof weyn noqosho. I grew up in a small town by the sea.
• hold on: sugid, ama si adag u qabasho. Hold on, let me check my calendar.
• keep up with someone: la socod xawaaraha qof, socod ama barasho. It's hard to keep up with native speakers when they talk fast.
• let someone down: qof niyad jabin, ballan ka bixi waayid. I promised to help, and I won't let you down.
• log in: gelid website ama app adigoo isticmaalaya akoonkaaga. Log in to see your saved words.
• move on: wax cusub bilaabid, ama ka gudbid wixii hore. It's time to move on to the next topic.
• pass away: geeriyoosho (hadal edeb leh). Her grandfather passed away last year.
• pay someone back: qof u celin lacag uu kugu leeyahay. I'll pay you back on Friday.
• point something out: fiiro u jiidid wax. She pointed out a mistake in my email.
• show off: isfaanin si dadka loo qaniciyo. He's always showing off his new car.
• show up: imaatin, soo muuqasho. He showed up an hour late.
• sort something out: habayn ama xallin. We need to sort out the problem with the booking.
• stand for something: metelid, ama soo gaabin u noqosho. What does "ASAP" stand for?
• stand out: si fudud loo arko, ka duwanaansho. Her bright red coat stood out in the crowd.
• stand up for someone: difaacid ama taageerid. Always stand up for what you believe in.
• throw something away: qashinka ku tuurid. Don't throw away the receipt.
• try something on: dhar tijaabin si aad u ogaato inuu kuu le'eg yahay. Can I try on these jeans?
• wake up: toosid hurdo. I woke up at five because of the storm.
• write something down: warqad ku qorid. Write down the new words you hear.

Sida loo barto phrasal verbs si ay xusuusta ugu dhegaan

Ugu habboon: in liiskan aad u beddesho erayo aad dhab ahaan isticmaali karto.

1. Hal mar dhowr uun baro. Dooro shan ama toban phrasal verb oo isku fal ah, sida get ama put, oo wada baro.
2. Had iyo jeer ku baro jumlad dhexdeed. Phrasal verb keligiis si fudud ayaa loo illoobaa. Jumlad dhexdeed, waxaad arkaysaa macnihiisa iyo meesha object-ku galo. Barashada jumlado dhan sidoo kale waa mid ka mid ah hababka ugu wanaagsan ee erayada loo kordhiyo.
3. Fiiro gaar ah u yeel erayga yar. Is weydii waxa erayga yar ku daray. “Up” ee ku jira “eat up” iyo “fill up” waxay ka dhigan tahay dhammaystir, taasina waxay fududaynaysaa falka xiga ee “up” leh.
4. Dhegeyso oo ku celi. Jumladaha tusaalaha cod dheer ku dheh, oo dhegeyso adigoo socda.
5. Dib ugu noqo adigoo adeegsanaya ku celcelinta kala fog. Phrasal verbs si fudud ayaa la isugu qasaa, sidaas darteed dib u eeg wax yar ka hor intaadan illoobin, muddooyin sii dheeraanaya. Hagahayaga jadwalka ku celcelinta kala fog ayaa tusinaya sida loo sameeyo.
6. Ku isticmaal wadahadal. Isku day inaad isticmaasho laba ama saddex phrasal verb oo cusub mar kasta oo aad Ingiriisi ku hadasho.

Haddii aad wali dhisayso erayadaada aasaasiga ah, marka hore ka bilow erayada ugu badan: 100-ka eray ee ugu badan ee luqadda Ingiriisi. Phrasal verbs waxaa laga dhisaa isla erayadan gaagaaban ee caadiga ah.

Sida Lingocard kaaga caawiyo barashada phrasal verbs

Lingocard waa app kaararka xusuusta ah oo bilaash ah oo talooyinka kore u beddela caado maalinle ah. Phrasal verb kasta ku qor wejiga hore ee kaarka, macnihiisa iyo jumladda tusaalahana dhabarka. Kaar kasta kor ayaa loo akhrin karaa, sidaas darteed waxaad maqlaysaa weedha oo ku jirta jumlad dabiici ah, nidaamka ku celcelinta kala fog ayaana kaar kasta kuu soo celiya waqtiga saxda ah. Adigoo leh Premium Learning, waxaad xitaa liis dhan oo kan oo kale ah hal gujin ku beddeli kartaa xirmo kaarar ah.

Adigoo socda, ciyaariyaha codka ee app-ka mobilka ee Lingocard ayaa kaararkaaga kor kuugu akhriya, sidaas darteed waxaad dib ugu noqon kartaa phrasal verbs inta aad shaqada u socoto. Haddii aad rabto qorshe dhammaystiran oo Ingiriisigaaga ah, hagahayga sida Ingiriisiga dhaqso loo barto ayaa tusinaya sida loo dhiso caado maalinle ah, waxaadna ku baran kartaa Ingiriisi onlayn xirmooyin diyaarsan oo ku jira madasha Lingocard.